Water is an extremely essential compound for every type of
life on planet earth. No one can imagine life without water. That is the reason
that the scientists are striving hard to locate earth type planet in the
universe where there is existence of water. One day, if water is found on any
planet, there may be chances of life there.
On earth, water is about 71 percent of total surface of
earth. We can classify water into two main categories. One is Pure water and
other is impure water. Fresh water on earth is about 2.5 percent of total water
on the surface of earth. 98 percent of fresh water is located in ice present on
glaciers located in arctic, Antarctic and
high mountain regions of world. Less than 0.3 percent water is present
in rivers, lakes and atmosphere.
Water acts as solvent for metabolism. Terrestrial animals
including human beings require frequent intake of water in order to keep them
alive and to maintain PH value in their bodies. Impure water intake leads to
epidemics.
At one hand, population of world is increasing.
Consequently demand for fresh water is also rising. If hypothetically
predicted, there is no shortage of fresh water for present population of the
world but when see practically, we found that there is acute shortage of fresh
and pure drinking water. For some extent we may say that the water located in
the glaciers is pure. However this notion may not be true because this water
also contains impurities of Sulphur Dioxide, chlorine and other poisonous vapours
thrown to atmosphere by man-made instruments and factories. These substances
wander in the air and with rains come down back to earth. For one moment we may
ignore these impurities and think that the melting ice will flow through the
rivers and lakes. This is wrong. Most of cities and towns of word are located
on the bank of rivers or nearby places. Human excreta and waste flow of
factories flow into the rivers and destroys flora and fauna of rivers and
adjoining area.
Human population is dependent on rivers for drinking water
and also for irrigation of land. Thus most of population is forced to drink
contaminated water. The Governments of most of the countries of world has
promulgated anti pollution acts for industrial sectors which has proved
good up to some extent. However, till date no proper mechanism has been made
for saving precious water being used for flushing out of human excreta from the
toilets. This type wastage is more prominent in metropolitan cities and populated
towns. Ultimately, such type of contaminated mixture of water and human excreta
goes to river and pollute whole of river water.
One other type of wastage of water occurs through bathrooms
where a large amount of drinking water is wasted for bathing. To stop this type
of wastage, there is need to utilize waste water evolved after bathing for the
purpose of flushing out of sewage from toilets. Engineering reforms are also
required to be done in the field of inventing low water consuming flush system.
Again when river water is used for drinking purpose, a lot
of money and means are used to make this water drinkable. The resources and
money utilized on this account can be utilized for other productive purpose.
If we estimate biological intake of water by each human
being it comes out as five liters per individual per day including for cooking
purpose and. But if we estimate wastage of water in toilets and for bathing
purpose per human being, it comes out about 80 liters per day. Pure drinking
water is flushed down into toilets and gutters. Poor people are forced to drink
contaminated water. Long lines of buckets remain there in front of water taps
in slum areas and also in far flung rural areas.
This is a matter of concern that in urban areas, especial
in hotels each individual spends about 100 liters of water per day to flush out
200 millliliter of urine. SO, there need to peep inside while wasting water
during urinating and excreting.
Daily a large number of inventions are going on. Every one
is busy to exhibit his intelligence in specific field of work and interest but
nobody is thinking about to prevent wastage of water through flush sinks. This
is not a impossible task to locate other alternative means of disposal of human
excreta through minimum use of water.
If scientific recycling of human excreta may be done like
converting it into dry biological fertilizer, then, there will be so many
benefits. Water and environment will be pollution free. Huge biological
fertilizer will be available for cultivation. Agriculture fields going barren
by the use of synthetic inorganic fertilizers, will be saved from being barren.
Electric energy which is used for recycling of water will be saved and may be
utilized for other domestic, agriculture and industrial purpose
If proper research is made regarding waterless disposal of
human excreta, we may save huge drinking water. Such saving will not only be in
the form of saved water but thousand time more saving will be through
unpolluted river water. By this way not only we but the coming hundreds of
generations will lead their lives happily without worry for pure and safe
drinking water. Government and self help groups should carry out systematic
research on this account with honesty. Universities and research centres should
be instituted regarding recycling of human sewage matter and other garbage.
रहिमन पानी
राखिए, बिन पानी सब सून |
पानी गए न उबरे, मोती मानूस चून |
Writer: Gautam Prakash
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